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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is a7q5d0bd o /2 wkyiz;hin


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no changw 8blupmzl xwe7phd e7-+8 .3ae in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam.2ts3qh5og hla-)fyy gl l:8u/d /fytics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twit l60wcoi6pv5xtsw17buh6 r5ce its original volume with no change in its temperature. This process isbw57hlu0w66siv65prxtt1c o

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this prs it2ei ,tv9v4ocess, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that c ,2s9iti4vvetompressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume durixdaog w q6,;dck1 w3p;;.knh gng an isothermal process. on6w; ckd;,gk ; p3qah.d1gwxThe final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 24o*7 tm4ugco d0 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statemenou 44*g7doc tmts is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, thmle.w h+kje-n+pol ;ae*7 k0re gas exchanged no heat with its suro-ejkr+ekl; n 7halpme*.+w0roundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo e/co+6(:4hgow b g,khzs9bj b sj)t1zdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas i7*lw /psyprb ;el+ x;os compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabat blews *xyo+p;/p 7l;ric process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects exy6;* m/g2 vpcqs7 lsf-uwnt c+cept that one contains 6v*+ qsy2 - 7csn;/m cpugltfw$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one conu w5v8tlt2m t0tainstt2vw850l umt $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on )bo ai3md yk( d7)qe3uthe PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, sna6o o8iu,g4 9ib3. 2 waxve0 zwnle8there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thspjm-, qi422q1a bbj jermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as /fjcveg.s6 4 mheat is added to it. This procjgcv4me .s/f 6ess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energx7 w- a wpn6t-ty--(1nxt fvfty are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal enen-6t-f nt -w xt(-17 yvpwaftxrgy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram 2kkn1adap f90 is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, therb)hln34xvtg hs0, 5c re is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsaxp1 c(a bt66m, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container thazpt3 8v7l7/ ntc,79kqg vdtoit cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This p7vt7dv 3z9qio,t g7/lpc8ntkrocess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constag3;bmiab jmr,pr8yst 8o 9,h:nt volume. As a result, the internal energy of pbgy; 9m,:8air, th srjm83obthe gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of t:acvxtgb-j -b2b +y 3i ij6qh2hermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a co+ ywft- jca;l5ld reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a h)ydt4gnn-vq: 5ug(h zot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to- 3w 8arahu5p: ciw;pl Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the y35zvwkv,(f j,ykk5z cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this cycle?yykk5 w,kvf3z ,jz(5v


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine iayoie *w/5uiec x 7:g59rkw)ss defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficij.y z .urc459 27vskiedaul.tency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink mulriysa z.k4. de9t72 uvc.5just be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consigqhcc+e* /vg(0y q*g lsts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck sadj-x/oue m39+:/uudmxtat. tatement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COot,tit kmya j**hv22jg+. r i2P) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio or 2j t2v.ik*2tho, j+*mgyait f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of p+k6 k kgy,yi w;l;2.li d3j6mue wd.iderformance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the ent+yal zyhrj: 22g.i 7jlropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the seconghnf6 - 7/ (qbu)lgsti,ipx5ld law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one ofi l/75uf ) tlqgsh,6 -ngpibx( the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of /;rmp q* k(qczu :qf(r+m(dbd thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads ue3v;x -m,+p lwy6bjm ns to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, j4 r(-*3/,f 1jyfu dx wlfqmua 0uvr,f5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the cha3jj dfa/1 ,vl(uf*r4-fuy w0u,frq mxnge in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal.-sxjaving: u2 ix9e yet4zf1b i6krd.-2v 6u process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in t1au-i.dg2e. vkxzf 66y-utvi94 e ir :jnx 2sbhe process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas syytb-(vmre)1 ck) g k /n/lzz4jvti66w stem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal energygyln 6(1cvkv tz)-jitw bez)rk6//4m?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressik5bsunbkc q7 1+33yq ong a gas adiabatically. What is the change in intn c s+b73qk35bqy1oku ernal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is urc4z. z)gz81vqro i.qo nb 7m4ly1f0the change in internal energ0ro1)uzc.vqm y8gofl.b1i4qz n 4 rz7y?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 Jab s ijj)-c95x. What is the work donejx ajc9 b)5si-?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a syst4 kw6i0po jwaq,r-bi)em decreases by 50 J. What is the heqi4 ,p6-0w)orkbi aw jat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatozxolrk8 fci9)2wp(p1w9k*j p mic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. T1ckp9p2 zowiw rkl fj9*xp(8) his feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume wurr9fe abkfd i87 2*6fhen 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the 8i*f69 r7udfa k fb2resample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0i831z9iq 7e xf (es/s- otc m(evdgx,b kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of hi0n a2 ldke zn9.ja5ikl;s b0/eat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the ab/li k9l0zas0n djk.52n; ieefficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 1)b *cx; 7n0dox-czg2f fj/angs,lyj 350 J of heat per cycle. Hobncfx3jx 0)f7gsgz-lco /,2* ;ynda jw much work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receiveshf 45iqp j- qmrpyc y(br)u9tt4q;t86 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does iqcb6p r( - ;qy9)mr4 t84fjtu q5htpyit exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal ftt7f5s x,+ qsof heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the eff57sx,tq+ff s ticiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 4tqh:o06ac*0r sp-ch-7sms n i 2 kcal. Calculate the work done-h06-n: aocsph0rcmi7st q*s each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines builoo,/tn9168 5jpglff+fw fjt zt so far has the following characteristics: j5n9t/g 1oz6pjwf +f f,8lotfcombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has th n*ddk-)l wkuq, ;mcc6e following characteristics: combusdl -unqkm6w)d,c c*;k tion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficiewhtprkc,u8 y(,fm 1g :nt engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =r g 8wmt1kf(pyuh:c,, $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Thc+lv4 *a9cyklh j xxy(97i1fde plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powert0fa17b 5m sjl. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 607yj+e w6of)zv8/ ms.e dd;uwy 0 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates be1otm vax ot zi1 am-e8aq/bx43(1oq8utween $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency /(micrw(+si)o /v s arpossible for an engine operating betwe +/ asomc)( s/rvwii(ren $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temm/f99 wg7ngxrperature of the cold reservoir if the tempergrxw/nf 9gm79 ature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating b / s* llj4wx2 xxg;bs/h1yejk+etween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at thepm 7m(b8blpvm3b*:o1 y bpn ;f rate of 20 kJ and ejecbp;38bl m:vn(ob fy b*pm1m7 pts 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from thjnyoh*si7 ;p g -4jmj+e freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycl;jjmsy *ph-7+go4i jne. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat fu q*aw3ea 31hdv8e 2p 1kyy,uorom the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycl*udeyvapky oq31 a8h132ew ,ue?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt lqib+bk(0/qh4.gjv f:mmt x* at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice j 9in ebytg qfa on24-up54b;7freezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas acyav r2/)sk c24p/;i 3x szbbot STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy p23 xa/yc2okv bs;/ib4zc s)rchanges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at -p,qvn ngko:*iyk 5 (c$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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