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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph isn,fvpc,4y68 cj bev6n an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no ctigf *x7d;f3tev441r+we es+ 1 jwxyyhange in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, ,w l2kv au,u- fcat)/l7ray w4$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice in:jvczs,(b9se9 9nzwq * 7cpits original volume with no change in its temperature. This prov97czpwn9q:i( szb,9j*c sn ecess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compre :sr2f/anm5 w b+z*mybssed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended +r5mma snb:/*fbzwy2 by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during k wm0xac4p/o2 an isothermal process. The final pressure of thkp 0/ax4m oc2we gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this proh8ovinwp l -jv.e5 l2)cess, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is corr.hv- )eo v5n8ll2iwj pect?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolatedns+,9pp z// jxg;kyklnsjy x)z *38pp environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. yzn/jz*p) ,yk g lk/s;93 n+sjxp8px pThis process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodf o-u0a/,n be lq-v1y0sqx 9kmynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compr5p 6e-e*a v9l2w xk1iyvyn op8essed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. T5896w1n iapyo *v2v pe-ekyxl he final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identg gji2z3be5s + j(hdz;ical in all respects except that one containsjjs eg 3z(2 g+5i;bhzd $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of/ ar6apw ma(u; gas identical in all respects except that one contains ;6a(/a amwrpu $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is t/3euug7: lip ;*jte kf-n*udan


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, eojg5r -io(pm t g wv8/i)z7c.there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o2 lnk2z9*e9s n4ugw kwf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at cs u .m3rfdx(,oljp d:1xpr+n )onstant pressure as heat is added to it. This pro)dd+3f 1. plu :xs(x morrnpj,cess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat enerw xu8v2 i.j-4qprriu (6;xvh hgy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resul uhhw -uvr48vrj(;xipqx2 i6.t, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagra rmd dk4j025qom is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change i.gmb20ydf 4gi bj3a8dn

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ther 1ol:f/z:+aqx6mtg xmmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that 3 m-m0zv uyuz ;w mabf7jj7:.7xydwl*cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This process j77duj:* f m0wxbzaz m;3.yv-ywmul 7is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constanta8 7eux qr:(kq volume. As a result, the internal ee(7 uqraxqk: 8nergy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of ther)t qq*pgzt05z9 ly 7wrmodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reserv tnbc9*;0obswrq: t c7oir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heaxnxpe3 tb2c.( t from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics ac 9y hrj)4.ezahyrk00tcording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cb*siy7t h5j,kb zy j1+ycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done byy5 jzbs+1y *i7 ,thkjb an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio ofj(8(yg qzbi2p

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%.qjx*b5bl)c gv;rsn0 , the heat sink must l5s*cgbvxjr qb0;) .nbe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists5qv2 gk)ao yg5 of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck 4qu2 *old3nl7fq 6 iscstatement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perforyhel tqdtn f;9)8qc-(7fn8 y umance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio on9yn 8l tfyqqc -(;8h)f7et udf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP2 .a0lj2r g*;llscy/ t ruej3n) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entrck;+:ts.:1h( q n9 exlynfrwsopy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that ,of gt19es* ,0*ugnjf 6ghsn,zvbya2may occur within an isolated syst9*a2vn1bs yfjug t eo6g,z*,,fnh 0gsem, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the secuohy: tl:0-3 jo4kscwond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of therm,pqo;2r2he:9 mf a lh: dblhj6odynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an cku,w :vpb6e95ja unp9 3uwb:ideal gas. What is the change in internal ener je5 wa,3 v6wnk: cp9puuu9:bbgy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Wha 93 r,hs baehra-5b(gat is the (bea ashr ra3h-5b,g 9work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. Whatd/ 7p)y.sj 7 wa f7f4i6sla4q1twaxxu is the change in internal enerw1. xay)6iq4l f47ps7wa7auxsj tfd/ gy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabaticv.ux ox-p:.)g11xy4cwzv djdo9pf/pally. What is the change in internal energy of t 14doodv)g:xfcx./ 1 wxz- pyp uvj.p9he gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Whe;o y-w lt:l cqnyi347at is the change in internal energy3yoe cntql:-yi;l w74?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, thoe;t* s2.tk lqqir;;k x yub qk-+/;b *bhbh9oe internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the woqok+/ *obkh bq; k.-ybs;i*lt x;hu2e 9;trbqrk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal eneme v+m 8e; .vl8iro*xcrgy of a system decreases by 50 J. What i;eco 8+l vxiv*re.m m8s the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a mo(l f)khyu )j9mnatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done fjmuh) (y 9lk)by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume wd32y qv d3jo-yv/1gcyhen 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are2yc- v 1ogd/3q3jyvd y in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of watere9z-55ui 6ua6 w w m4cbit2vyx at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receivl su(vcm79fud 9v v66ves 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the effvu6 7uv 9cfmlsv9d v6(iciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiencykl7.u0kt8/ s) kamuhm of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cyc0 a uts/)kmkukmh 7l8.le?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% a yuq91 /dzncl5nd receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each c1/d n 5cuzylq9ycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 6 (pq7bd:yzk y(4 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiencyybzdp(:y(k7 q of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle anok:sp h6)xywwc n3j64*k, ez zd exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each cycl,ww:jo ke6cpnksz34 y ) *x6zhe.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines wa ri/t:s1)*lv+v zz ubuilt so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tempa1t/ v)*s vz: +wilzruerature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterisgum8nk 5+j mr4dk8 bt0tics:n brd+mkum50 4k j8tg8 combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient en, kl(vv* xjhg.a s0(owgines built so far has the following characteristics: combustiw (x(o,v*klaghvj.s 0 on chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of er *zpt*b4empz8 8-j eblectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MWrsctx28l1, vn6vch4 1-ph dtr of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 6p(6d92tat7d,9adx.y0 ue elv7 w bdet00 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine w jg 9mypy67fw7hich operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency poa j6.vszrm0w*(a obs *ssible for an engine operating betw6zb.ajw (v 0osamr** seen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is th.x z4rfoden z1sj)zxt:ub90 6e temperature of the cold reservoir if the ter1 zd6:.bxeu)zos 4z9 fx j0tnmperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operat-m0i3jhbkj8i0/zh kdi(wm (sing between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing c*u 6yosn )w :jtlfs. /7he-0zipj*qjfompartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a roo0pssjoufn.76-w tf zh le*)*q yji/j :m per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment zf9 8 scfci6c+at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects cc szffci689+ 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, +5, ett 5- l.atnlxwxu1e .npta refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in ea+ .xn5p wltet5x .ne -a,tl1tuch cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 zv htp99j w 8j gtr08qh/o5+vxg of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in en- kh6 /wy- axq5m9yj0-xymrb 5 e(lggftropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expapboa(b) .2g dbnsion and its entropgb .)d2opb ab(y changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ne4g-:ksn r /w$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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