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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 >作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is an -qxkt5oqj(n1p yks: ;


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chang cxdsah-l r/-n7d+k lxw;f22te in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law oflp)mc +8zela4e - hxsx*-i3ex thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no2y63w s6iecfth-m8zrs 5jukti./ qa l;38wn l change in its temperature. This process il r /s ;8wzy6 tmj8s2c3 wltni k-.f56u3eaiqhs

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L tj o2ji2 9;y .sbgm/-eje)ztkmo 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compr e om2j)m;i.yjes/jtb9 kz2 g-essed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to on pyg g g(5h/,:,javvqne-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final press,nv5 pqg/y jh :gv(ga,ure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this proces c r1 mi*bs n8yi/w*uay4y68usq5(lcss, 6 J of rc by45n(mc/*su 6aiwy yu*i s818lsqenergy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed inv;)ja 4m-w 2y kb;mszluj3u*h an isolated environment. During the event, the gas excha) ;-*;jhm3 4jlu wbk2vmzuasynged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynay8feal -z:2d u r2ndz4o0par )mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume duri5a x 5sqfzrh0 ro(i+t1ng an adiabatic process. The final pressure of the 50+ q5 ix(razh1rsfto gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gb3f ;p hd(ky.uas identical in all respects except that one contains f.3h uy(bk ;pd$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinderlqiv 77(b-0aw mn 5ahus of gas identical in all respects except that one contains 57nql0- wvimbua 7( ha$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the Pf awsbs(0gyp r) gw.*rf:ci23 V diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process,j-m1k4;qn ywtwh .u7kbd:wg . there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic24am f*bii 2dps, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant prsae7gjlrv; 93h, :* gg1 v4vh6 ;ezglvjrva 0xessure as heat is added to it. This process 7ge vvxlj3hv*94r1as jvr;,zae: g; g g 6l0hvis

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transfe o88plk2ljx +trred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the intero + 8ljpx28ltknal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dilv;/ u3dbvzj 5kq m,+eagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, thedw cpl7x0 09tvre is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, nevajiy i39g.98ya + n$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is addem9l(xu gympbsiul99 8.( 9wn md ubw s8(u9ylm imn(xpm99l .9g to it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a samplem hr7)6bp;c mh of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the int 7brh6m)m; phcernal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law opiwcy(,;1vy ks ,6q xuf thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to if ;-z xpca9mv/vkzbx60/( qha cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from )a 6c:ruu0a9 uy stmj/a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clauskrx//2 b u1zd,bh.caeius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated) chu3pb7*/qstia rv*sg1l7i here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engvi7phg us it3qlr7a/**c) 1 sbine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is txn-rer- f5q6defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sizz/w ogg; 9r2snk must w/ggzs29 zro;be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consisth sqtmbnq w8 5*ju5 f42v onjciy7hbdh0(6.6as of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics.u+:cc7b 69fo qlo(f gb
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (k* zws qfq(5q *a(li/),k vvthCOP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o)/ki5q,v *vlqzha (k(qwf st*f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) k 1f9y.roy6bx,g v +2s4lpdr sof a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy98hi-eg 1 sdcd of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that ma-/ni/6r / en n ahv*4 y,mv-j6qimnmooy occur within an, hoeij/vm6 -o/6n/yqi nrn mm4 va*-n isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamics*mwoz 71ut ua*.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to concl5(s-q9 cafw j;49a isfddwo 7fude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is r veq(x4,pcg: c6nn .qzemoved from an ideal gas. What is the change cqq,epvc6xz.n (4n: gin internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is rpo) z;a0r7q.4 zcoso-:tgvnj emoved from an ideal gas. What is v; pz:0tro-4ogqaj. 7s)co nzthe work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothe yv m r82kxlzma,.jimy;k*/ qnl /0fb)rmal process is -400 J. What is the change in interam 8,y xll nkr/m2ivz0kb*jm q.)/f;ynal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatah jev/;tem ht674,csically. What is the change in intee ts ehtvj/,a6;mc4h7rnal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What,y1lb oa m51t67-ltlrxp k)xw g8wn9o is the change in )o9mwpt1nay 1 g l,xxk5l68 lw-trob7internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, th*6psf;w +fhbhrd7 * 9 uurahh* .n;mcg z*dw5me internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work done?b csunmf u ;dhh6.rh5wz*p*h*da+;7 m9wf *gr

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. av,v5i(h9wbi What is th9w(ai, 5hvbive heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume a5 )ji q8n.jvx( hr6qjcaw* l(ns it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done.x5njv(a68irlnj cwqq (*hj ) by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 Jp a-+,sdzj 3+k 7vmxll of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?7sl ,pxkd+3j+z ma vl-

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wat 0-- )d/kvii*hhbltruer at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and losea*g q)l 60f mdy.huym)s 3000 J in each cycle. What is ty )d0)h.ya gm6l*fum qhe efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat n5w 5d)c:tdek: 8jaoeper cycle. How much work doed 5dn:8week5ct) a:j os it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cyclesn xb..(w8mo s. Ho.ob .m(sws8nxw much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhaustsrxsl9 cy(790ywu/ zjh 3og*ly 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cycle lzu*(yl7sh93/wyg o9yrxj c0.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kc5rs+f.y**j h,dqjo0p frv fp) al of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate thyso,j q5v+*f*f0)d.p hfrpr j e work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so fac : r.ebgve-i5 +oulm5r has the following characteristics: combustion chambele55c-b. ver igu :o+mr temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chara)g+zd xk.le;(zxf 8k fcteristics: combustion chamber tempe(d f+xzl.8)fk kexz;grature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the f6ekt0t67z uwz 4yebc z0h*u s9ollowing characteristics: combustion chamber u6cyz0zt9be tz k6*0huwe47s temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Tbk6l 2e0i ms1srm ((wbhe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 M.kc8 6qrzr( j7is zj;wW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power.;q/ihith.by aq+c9 j8 The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which opece 3rc glzgh; .dg,/-frates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiencn3j rivx(9p(zcf ;.n fy possible for an engine operating betweenp9xj vzi;rn3c.fn(f( $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35 di3j+k;j-vdq g)a) df, ueba,.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if3 qibgd,d) + daujke j-,;)fav the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between ubu/l azy,h 95hl)3k af 2ie2o$40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing/mybr j )8nqp, compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much ynb/ )j qrm,p8work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the sp0w9qc ckp1 *freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and*pc01 cpkws9q ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of h-)vdyyx9; gbweat from the freezevdx )yb-yg 9;wr and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy pwq2djs,;4x74whd cu when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the changeqfcpu -s/z(7zpc3(p g in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoesd3pi8ic ; t1az an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes byzp;i 83dia1tc
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at w j p8e/w9k/-juiajh0$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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