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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autodiscover.5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autodiscover.5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the Td n 034tsnfax2-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is wt8ako8a cv;g(y(o ;fno change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ow)ifxl( z,3iarin. 5zf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its b4 zln53nv y q:ux-e0aoriginal volume with no change in its temperature.ez3- a05nbv nuxq:ly4 This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 p ic:wr:8 rh*+re: vwmL to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mec hceiv:m+ * r:wrr8wp:hanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to oneg--;sf75 (hbc*d ckkgdriud*-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pr dksd(i*-*d7c-;bk 5ghf ucgr essure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 3+i-t:5cmm n*)h fbfrb0 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expend *-mn chf+fr) bmi:bt5ed by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. wpf kluy zn41n(bu:3w nz,0n+During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with in4zzpn l1 nk:ynu+3wfu0bw,(ts surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam.lvi +1tgi)guexuq.pe8y7 i 0ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an 7 y*;xdpnclpx)1rz+ uadiabatic prx7yu;+pndr l)c1*x zpocess. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all rest(z+ nz764 efwfvt g3aavf7c5pects except that one contains 6te( 3vvg4ft azn7caf+7 wf5 z$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylindern6fhfv o 61d3ts of gas identical in all respects except that one contains v1n fd6 63thfo$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram v 0h*5(psnq+mpqe )k yis an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there 63dgo (art)5.82qn dxs zp ywzuxt.2lis no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyfy1.q-m:p 6ll q.cax hnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constan.e*3ino p 85alu7um:jazg lw7f fml58t pressure as heat is added to it. This processnefi85gafju m*o 7 a 83lu zplml:57w. is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transkz(8rx )ufa;fw ns z,3ferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resultu8rx3(n ); f,zfksa wz, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thdj)ng4frfzh5z0uc:26 l+ ey o e PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is n7en868 n0e;y2mp gbvok9kxplo change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic0id9kapc y; j/zm/ 4tus, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container 6q4- i, ubzblfm :rb(nutu8(mthat cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This proce:,(mztnrulfubqb 4 m(6u- i8bss is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gawto6 +dv 0hsi km-. j,bq. wmfpsoh).4s at constant volume. As a result, the i o)i0b 6d-pqw.t hkv ms+w4 .js,h.fmonternal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law bwc2;kth xi,2*9 :c lcta+ivnof thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfenmk0( kbe/c o8r heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat2vy4s1 ;knz0his mw5mi yn;p l:8 ngf6 from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of tiy h:h(er6u,*fgc7dfz* l 2 7 hrbu(sghermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustr/f)r n1)ahjj jated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine openjrj/aj) 1f)h rating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engindirm ;k-qrh e: g81.jge is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink m ;.;klu75mk*ro lm czuetm.g3 ust be5glk mu3;zrt7m;. cue *k mlo.

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofi (dgj(t7 lu+s

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermot (cq)6uj/5+ ejl*h5i;ergdb 6yedq kdynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ra)dw.4.n juxuytio oyuj .w4)xd .nuf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the rp t ,c0swzlw,)atio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the eb -vroe1i *inoa l) 8eg)l3mfe 3egv/(ntropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for kukz, f.zf4 2qany process that may occur withufk 2zz4k ,.fqin an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statem7kf/sl w1,l( qdngy a9ent of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads uss h-mrc c )rz.7ph)-ep to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.;088w)ev(,j1cxy czr a ,w5 tialcdre0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the z8cel)ctiwre x08,w drayj(; ,5av1c change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an iz /((nhn- wtj(kd2x.nyqxcf. deal gas. What is the work d n(yhnxkfjc..-zq(dx 2n/tw (one in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal propp3dmqr b c./-mij 5q8cess is -400 J. What is the chandi3pr pcm8mj5/q bq.-ge in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas mu. kh 24heagg0a. t jsrnp:/6adiabatically. What is the change in internal ene/6. h2jkge4 ah stmr0a.g:npurgy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while dz4rvn3zu*vj1df351 .hwxsl xf *)a ffoing 25 J of work. What is the change in nuvlf1*x h zwsf) 13* j.f53rza fvxd4internal energy?

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教师可以抽题组卷或一键复制本试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力
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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy x ru/6:ybsmuw,um) 9 oof a system decreases by 50 J. What is the wo )r9s,m6bw/uyu :u omxrk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a syste*zb.)8 ps)h wzuzve 3*3g omfem decreases by 50 J. Whatbzvome)pz zh8 s.f*u g3*e3w) is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at conv*ddc(z f:s b110,f jnahd/dwstant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomfhnd:w bzv/s 1,(j0adf1dc d *plished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energynv6 2nb0ihr r8 is removed from it. r8 0rbni2n6h vHow many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wndho19 uoaaii6e* 64(kg cf4 hater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 30 fm 9ivh5r;yna1c 7-pj00 J in each cycle. What is the efficieh 5cyi9m;r n71-jfpvancy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiencyi 01oz 7ex9v,onm jn-)s4pur 7y* jgmt of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How o)pvz*j7n 19ytg4 j7,m uoesxn0rm-imuch work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receive)bpm0 9(lbxoh s 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in b9 xb(0 homl)peach cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Cal/ewsklqo ml/l24/,xk ugo-p1 culate tw-mlleug 1 qko /k4,op/2s lx/he efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 k6kql:cyaqrphy:i j)j: *v2u.cal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the workc62ihuvjp. :r:)q ly*q:y aj k done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followi* 2e tledl4;5do ti9mlng characteristics: combustion chlld 2o;tld*5i9 et4meamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient eny9) p:tx2j seigines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatsipy:j e29 x)ture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristi elz5azi9u 1(2ha9jjt cs: combustion chamber 5 at za1z9hjei(9lu2jtemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gewbvxrk82w4 +y nerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powerg i61,e hgjby.. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plac6e:(q:itl hi nt uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an enoo ( xv5b vehs7hs;i5.gine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating betq rappi (,-r4twee,ia4 p-p(rrq tn $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. Whj ogyh2hx.3p7 at is the temperature of the cold reservoir i2. 3hoh7gjxypf the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating 3xtmu7w( 5wbaa g9+qrbetween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ c5p2i;zvuz97kz jy y;and ejects 24 kJ iz5zzkyj 2uvp;7 c 9;yinto a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing comparyawvf9 e9wj6n*wj3 e1tment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a aw9ny*jjv ewef6 3 w91room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operw 2 1qvobozegk3/ hmq/9f7tu7ation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J /fz wq 7mqhg /t2e9u7kvob 3o1of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of,i m*:tq(tyx w ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the changfhc8rb)ny 3 h;yw0lk 4e in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entrops y e)c9-le,xay chae) lx,e-sc9 yanges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at wm,cgxy1 ;p y0nk+ g+m$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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