1. Which of the following could be part of the description oo xyg4p:i,1xo lqf :g1f a forest habitat on a mountainlo : 1g,y xf4qgpx1o:i?
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following are conditions requm 9zpra m+szkc-z8.k3ired for coral reef formation in an z9kkm rp+s.3-zm ac z8ocean?
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the following is a correct feature of a tundra biommrzzos/dp)z2v+x93ykf q :s 8e but not for a taigvpk2 :d +o8m/zzyrx 3f9q)ss za biome?

  4. What is the best description of the limits of tolerance of lmw7w*jswy2i3k /eks*wb7h o u .ta;3a species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal densityxm)3lw. 0 uygyo0 zhk+

(c) Leaves at the top of89xc;r6u efxt2hzks, tall stems.

(a) List the two abiotic factors that are the determinants of the type ofv*a;e y4d(b rcd v. gxc*n,6na terresyvc c, 4advne(.n*dbxag6 r;*trial biome.

(b) Suggest one example of an area occupied by one these biomes that may ch:cc;+isb07kg (f2,k fsjloog ange d20ojf gkk(,c;o 7f+ssbil:g c ue to global warming. Suggest a reason why this change may happen.

7. Borislava is an ecomu,tc1xfxchhn a7c4 : 8t7 :oalogist. She is responsible for the protected areas of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The area is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile environment for many plant species. Th:tmf7haox:atc8 ,47x 1ch cune conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways in which plants avoid being consumed by herbivorous animavjd 4;yyu vb1)l e9-b krz7 0v:-cierkls4v9z;l:k y eyubcker-d7jv1i0-v ) br.