Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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>作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas is9domkwmm(i o852audt r;m 9/y 5 qp9/i4rjofn equal time” can be derived most dim 98;9km5jdw 2mrpo i5d(ou oiraq/f /y9m4s trectly from which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits with the Sqj28/8f 1b6 iisf nuqyun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which bqfqu 2s1/if yij8n 68one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational a+/8,y)ba q+mpf ;msadtwkt +rttraction between two small objects if the ma)+fptkwa+ mm ray;+sb8qd /t,ss of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodiesx/tdwx.e -4yx attract each other with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force /d4x-exy.xt wif the distance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have th )a)imk ,d7skye same uniform density. Planet X has twice the ) am)k7ids,kyradius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets,b9gzytn3xy7 d+t); yl c lkkf.uj )4c4 X and Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius f7yct;.yjz t9xnc)4bkg)llu yk 4d+3 of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is o,3k )uhdnb -cjk(st,trbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. tcts-, n(kuh)k,jd3b Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the tgi5upi-zi j:cv dg37*s -g4cEarth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of thes cgji 5-gc47iz-dg v:pi3t*u Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering onlfim) +t-;uwtlipz:h(w( u2b0vi ( n wzy the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of tpu : lumizvw-z2i +(tww(;(itfn)h b0he following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo for po; ct v3dwk:-js,5 vbthe international space statio,;jpc5ksbw v-dvo t :3n, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at thqan.p 0:co8dhrhzc0 + e surface of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonacph8zac+r:.0h0 qn odble conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

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00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a 9l/9y d8c2gd gs r/0x.uqliqmweight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closemgg29 i.qrl x cq9l0dyd/u8/ sst to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven hna8 y :nm/o/etimes the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravmn /y8n:/ao ehitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earthc/s-ut 1)-xmt rqb:s j and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s xcjtubmr--t ) s/:s1qmass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit withh x sh44.:hop 8noplb7 a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What p b4sxhlo.4 nhh8:p7o is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star witb+fsu d j6iw20h mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to com2jb0du+s f6 wiplete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, j.coxe-v ym*3k :a22ux,eh puare put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2moapuxy2j hxe-*kc3e .: 2 ,uv?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit aroun.pcyiz f 0d2g+d the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the force a sca2k akeppi(ics9t7x; 9 le registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but sxk p cpk 7i929e;at(inot change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around thr umz ,nf2 hsoef:j941e sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), whic2h 9u:sez ,f mof4nj1rh of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow circ j)ejz .wc)kqev)ld9 6ular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orb 6jqekj )le9dv)c ).wzital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular okr e c(0nsj8:zwxk,g ,rbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting 8,0xj,zcn: kk ew(gs rthe rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is