Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sw e:qmolwpo :dt**7u3vwlf6x3eeping out equal areas in equal time” can be deridfp3q u:xle*6mlwo7v* t o:3 wved most directly from which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elli) /uhko)r ( meh,0ecw5 afemj;ptical orbits with the Sun located at one focuskmcjhm, 0er)eo5 / a;hew( uf) of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational attraction between two smact :m.rf1 kd wztqm4td* 99hb,al* w1gll objects if the mass of each object is doubled ag1mt:9.mtf1h z k qt*,rcwdb4 dla*w 9nd the distance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each on3 ub icx.dgh4xx- r:*ther with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance between them i*x.3xrg-4 duhinx:c bs doubled?

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, havyuk6rn1oq ** 5r i6ctae the same uniform density. Planet X has twice t6*1 yiu qan6otckr5r*he radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have thro9f jtr2y b v5l*u2k4e same uniform densit*v 4 orr92b2tyk luf5jy. Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a smallf((pw4a 9s*g m ;nfvga satellite by setting the gg gn4a pvs*m;f(aw 9(fravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitatiovvey8ew5r: +tz+* 9c6 vl bz7 jkqx*usnal force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous s5 wec *qv7zuzyk6je xslt+9 vv+rb8:*econd flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influen36t;)mdt 1n hakzu,cd7w maz5ce of the Sun), which one of the following best extz,ah ;m d uwadcz3)m6t7n51k presses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth wit1wzpx q38(jx c);ppk6 ;t aldch a cargo for the international space station, whk3(wd1z; ;pc) 8p j 6lxatpxcqich of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of the b i2)v jr)qy7chb)ew.Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second obibh )yrj.)7) vecb2wq ject at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a m/6rnq: hlwl6,xy.vsk yi;th5ass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly unifot6y rwi6v l/:5s; q,hynhk lx.rm density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth and twice iq2vzz ynt.8 ; ex31zo) jya rt4hu-(xthe radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of thiv(u xnth1qy.;-2ia zz3r8 o4z)jyxtes planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth t1psgim kbcliy(kk4+(69 fo 0fj* by8uhe Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at ((g8ul1ji49my0ikf+*bb fck6skypo the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with55 9hyr/byyfl a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,5005yl59bf/r yyh ,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical plawkuwq:evvwz: t ,4 h8.net orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it .w:4v htvk,wwqu8z e :take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2,b9 3.z(vt l148y.wr3)onc ak gpb3apqgnmxq2 are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of smpagt8 q.9n13. lb ()b324yoz nax vwrpkqc3gatellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

15.22 Satellite 1 makes 65rlu+:csc9ht3 m:t,ox qyr hip/(gm a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the force a sca68 as07 dr6. gdee ,jdfmvzsg/le registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shapdjm s a zd6rs6d0.e7fg8v,/gee,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an ellipt ptr* 6,)4v ioax:lg0 pqjlcp 11arot5ical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelog a1t t irovppl:pq4r)*jxl5, 6a0c1ion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two st+ t*bw;8m z 2mu5qhnzoars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital peri t; qzwou+hn*b52z8mm od of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circuth 9-dv g).of6;kopn olar orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms p9 kdgoo);h f6n. ov-tof R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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