Which reaction converts monosaccharides into disaccharid,3c1 r.gn*intekl1db es?

  1.State the reaction that forms disaccharides from monosacjffu+(e4 re-ypee5., -xq mz(0e izrfcharides.
   OR dehydration synthesis

2.Draw the products of the reaction between the two monosaccharides shown in the diagram below.

  What is the substrate )z h)g .yrm)jarb:q g3for the enzyme lactase?

  Biomolecules have diver nha,ug.l5hfj2:ue2 sse forms and structures. Which of the following statements is falsehs2hug52ua.njf el:, ?

  A disaccharide is formed by a condensation reactpyeypcg 8c4v ,pcx0 4n w-.p,xion between a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule. Which molecule fits this .ppgpcc-xexv4,y nw, pcy40 8description?

  What bond is formed between two glucose molecules to form maltea+ )b dfius.3ose?

  What is the product of vvxnn-k t*x4b)o 2bb5this reaction?

  Which of the following is a steroid?uu/ra:8fy: 1hi e u1fq

  Which row in the table below correctly identifies the the constitueh37ab(:z2h pzgart 7f nts of the named macromo:zhh77pr3abfz(g 2 talecules?

  The diagram below shows the structur,q 8anfh r: uiq47pcs 1r(fr/bdi1n ,ce of 2 different monomers.



1.State the name of the following:

1.1.structure A:α-  
1.2.structure B:  

2.State the name of a polymer which contains the following molecules:

2.1.structure A:starch OR glycogen OR amylose OR amylopectin
2.2.structure B:ribonucleic acid OR   

1.Distinguish between tha e+v7 y.zwmz5e formation and breaking down of a polymer.

2.Compare and contrast carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.

  Which statement(s) about starch and gllrkzy s26 mj 3ssua6+1ycogen is/are correct?
I. Starch and glycogen are branched molecules.
II. Starch is made up β− glucose molecules but glycogen is made up of α− glucose molecules.
III. Starch and glycogen are energy storing polysaccharides.

  Which of the following p;aou,u7gk c7is only able to trigger a response in a cell by binding to a receptor in the plasma memb guaocu7; ,7kprane?

The micrograph shows a part yr p9ul6w -8noof a plant cell from the leaf of Anemone sp.


1.Label structures in the plant cell above:

1.1.using the letter R where starch can be found;
1.2.using the letter S where lipids can be found;
1.3.using the letter T where cellulose can be found.

2.Compare and contrast between the structure and functions of glycogen and starch.

  Which molecule diagram is cor;- i mj7sbnt0hrectly matched to the name?

  Eating a healthy, balanced diet is important in order to mkz*( 7gb8 .iql sr/rjif mu6zwhiq/(* aintain overall health and a strong immune system. A healthy diet means eating a wide variety of food whilst limiting the consumption of foods which are considered to be less healthy, such as thosewiqu/r7 r*j8fz h*/i bgiq6mlk( sz.( high in saturated fats.

In an investigation into the effects of diet on low-density lipoprotein levels (LDL) in the blood, scientists provided two groups of mice with varied diets. Each group was given 5g of food per day, containing a mixture of a standard food mix and either avocado or cheese. The ratios of the food were changed each day and blood LDL levels were recorded. The diets and results are shown in the tables and graph.



1.1.Describe the impact on blood LDL levels when feeding mice diets supplemented with avocado or cheese.

1.2.Explain the differences between results from both groups.

1.3.Suggest a reason for the trend shown in LDL levels in group one.

2.State which group is most at risk of heart disease and stroke. Give a reason for your answer.

3.1.Suggest one advantage of using mice in this experiment instead of humans.

3.2.State one variable, not mentioned in the question, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve valid results.

4.For mice fed with cheese, calculate how many times greater the LDL levels were on day 5 compared to day 2.
Day 2 =  

  Which molecules form a trigr0xxo fs,rnn4 2b(hz/lyceride?

Distinguish between th;x2 bfwy//d ome structure of cellulose, starch and glycogen.

  Which molecule is sh 6wgca0(- frq -4s 2i(no qcixnxdt-9gown in the diagram below?

  Which monosaccharides are m4c:e,irk/mqh6 (-0 xrghccg x atched to incorrect disaccharides?

  Which of the following is the co8 igylt)f)sgv +c b6 41r/brlgrrect composition of the named polysaccharide?

  Which of the following statements describes alpha-:dy -w okk tjseu;c))v0rs )tb.( 6eduLinolenate, as depicted in the diagram below?.ed)s(w cv:)us d 0u;tok)kb6 ty-erj

Molecules used in metabo s1/)nonb 1 mtgyf4ho1lism can be classified as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. These molecules are often broken down into simpler units which are then involved in different metabo n t1)yo ohs/mbf41ng1lic reactions.

1.Identify two disaccharides and the monomers from which they are formed.

2.Draw a labeled molecular diagram to show a generalized amino acid.

3.Discuss the theory of vitalism and its falsification.

1.Palmitic acid is an uv./.am,6d e -s, gixxi-nolcexample of a saturated fatty acid with a 16 carbon chain. Draw the structure of a palmitic acid. ,6x ./gd-m x,li-ue savn ico.

2.Testosterone is a steroid hormone, which is carried in the blood. Explain how, when testosterone reaches its target cells, it brings about its effect on the DNA of that cell.

3.Explain how the structure of cellulose and glycogen are related to their functions.