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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autodiscover.5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autodiscover.5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 >作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the *k x3euumw0 hb n,cm7.T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process,z18 edthc)y(i there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna,, kn,jhn4ttli)ic3.q9gtnrdb + c b 3mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its t06 kw(z w(ycbqbay)1(nvb 2ovemperature.(n vcywzb )o 0((2ayqb61b wvk This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 3w 9qpsdq87d yqk83tc;;lr xl2 0 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal en8drqqd 8x7 p cwl;sk2y;9l3tqergy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isother r wz :u6p8u)(prkk4tby .ca +ez:zw7smal process. The zc:4 (kysu:truz6z8 baw)7.r e+ pkpwfinal pressure of the gas

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本习题练习题目来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)，学生可刷题练习，扫右侧二维码或加微信skysky1258，获取更多资料
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L.v7pfpb 08vc4w qk.giagrudhe dx6o8i* 38-w to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by thdf0wuhcd 74a . 6k83 igbip vre.8wo g*x-qv8pe external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the e,ou,,o6i xj pfvent, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings.i p,f,ju6 ,xoo This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of the26)bfyhzga ume /) ,ra-p ce(d2s,yjqrmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original vol)nt.9u,jl.rb* d d kseume during an adiabatic process. The fi. unrl *bej.d k,t9)dsnal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all ruj-r w*)x*/fq2 fxcgh vna 7q/espects except that one contains - 2qh)jvgx fxcw * n/7uf*q/ra$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except;rrdk4h 2i),ow5 n qdh that one contains 4nr5k)hhwo;qddi, 2r$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram naui4c8lk s(+/v dnhczx, 8;q is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no o5 os4z)fife/jmp; n pgxz +mlo/+5p(change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyni7- p*2+8pfiebhh rls32 cbt gamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to p3 tt6kh - t.ieu2bza8it. This process i32b6pt.u -ztt ahei8 ks

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy arl( .vrf.yo i1lsy )4kse transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of the)olsy s4.r kyv.( ilf1 gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram 6w)vtfzk dvd )/wv ))wb-sui/is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric proces27oycr .nzx6(qlh 8cu s, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thergy- :sz6ab:wmmxwqy*bilh i.(b (h 09modynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid contai8*5/3vvnanjyl tto. g m p +0tbusd)1zner that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This process. na18n 3utzb5 s /l)gdvmyo+jtp0v*t is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant vao 9aho0r/ ne(olume. As a result, the internal enerh0ono ar ea9(/gy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynlarp 538iw.gmamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to abr7 nu0zj qm(op2f,+r cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to trankz 8z5tk 0d.vqsfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accordinql/tf ze-xt nr ktejc.7(;-e luzs70: g to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated hernqh l p5zxot 1g2x38v pcs(91te. During one cycle, how much work is done 8 l1q1co tsgz3(pxh9vp 5tnx2by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat enginebttd1 e n sc7hatn sf,auae04p.) 27r9 is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is p ldmxmx*j;z:m-k:p + to be 100%, the heat sink must b;z-xp+*m:xjk md:pml e

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consi4::zu-z unsm5hkky 0usts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck 8 g v0d3, kb:lvwm.ew/q*fdtl statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the rat1) 9lnr0oyfacio oy0af) 9locn1rf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the k3bja 8+-(z6 3es.kkva5/ afmnk phv kratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the waxlvx:wr4k n; 8lph4mlx;q3c1ter

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the sec rtq1pe1+mxg k e;q(zeolk9 gf-f 5-3uond law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices apptze ( feqru mxl-ofp 59q g31k-+kg;e1lies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law ofq4n1 6 ,g8dhv ygooc43fmh:gp thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics l67xfmr9a.gy:vl du -svi9wq /eads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal p4rzb kqw*uund*:9(hcz 0dx j1 rocess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in ind4uhu b( 0z*dxnr:wj 91 q*ckzternal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal pfl;z,pna9n c;0qx 4:nkmhg w 9rocess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is thm a f;9wh:nx znkq4;ncpl ,9g0e work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal processbo* yg2l5 /yzzu4- ixh is -400 J. What is the change in2bz -5yu4 yozl *xgih/ internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a ga 6o0fezwdsu s8)3en0zs adiabatically. What is the change in internal enezseu3 od )f8s0w60zenrgy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabaticpwd u/vce -c-ms o;n5.l) mz(w process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in intsm-c(pc m/v-uw e;o z.5wd) nlernal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decren(ht3d 1jzcj84btk 50 zwz3 geases by 50 J. What is the wor4j (tz3 tzkdwh8ne01j cg b5z3k done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a sys9 s*opzba ,af0n:btg o:+ ibtp,v/w,otem decreases by 50 J. What 0tnsi* o ,b p:ofa/:o9,bvatzbgw ,p+is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it isd;p;(.f/jpak1.pf m 7 cq bbrq cooacj;.ppp1b .rdm /bqq;(f fk 7led by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is coorg5nf:*ckz a d*kl (q;va.edx 5dq,.rled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the d*qd.:lr*a(efr k a5g ,q;vd. ncx5k zsample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of xiv:d* b)zw9 40n2 icalfjc 1cwater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each ca n8divli54 )w5sn ht8ycle. What is the efficien)5s8v45l a dwii8hnntcy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle.in1r dky:dw 2mvr )4cg u90mj. How much work does it perform in each cycle?gy9:)dwmn d 0 imcur 14k2jrv.

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J ofuye*jdb5j z:lt+ 55 bt. clg1t heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?bt 5+lbtl: z5.dye5 ctg*jj1u

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 l2qo8 4xy82bq nxr*gp6 n b( *upn2iqw h(mq9xkcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cynu p9rlxo( nixqw2p 8b2**qgb62m xqhnq 48y( cle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calipa .((wf( 2,lat kgdjculate the workdk (p(l. j, fg2(iatwa done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterisqc lb6d29sa +r1 v6fij xc6v5stics: combustion chamber temperature =f +vd5c l1iac b26jr6v 6ssq9x $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines builb8zi. u2 ye0g8y qbo;lt so far has the following characteristics: 8eq8b0u iobgy.;zy 2l combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristee(m* )n.bwttics: comb(tmewt *nb) e.ustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates uczt, 3 3e/ehmw+l6p.,jmzbr 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of eleq gee d8ntnddx02 0w9/ctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pla+2cjjzthv-8xfhg,r z-y5;zkvl3k + f nt uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an eng1r y ,*apmc+zz/cye6tine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for anub-d 1;u/ltmg9kx j g (p-uh1l engine operating betweu1upxk ( -bl j-m/u19hgtlgd;en $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. Wm3sy,k5 7m-j;as,:oyua ls3-nod i s:vz hxg7hat is the temperature of the cold rey z-:aya v5; 3xklsg7,sis7,m on-jm3:o ushdservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betjqwd5ji ,k;m8ad tz +q bu434(n6trmlween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rz99f za dk ,iyb*unqki3om.;, ate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in eaza.b i ;kyizo,d mu9kn3f*q,9ch cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes hwy9sla( p+01ewtk8z5 qw l 3qeeat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performancee5(9yqswp+w1t8k3 w e0qa zll?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J r0-i1(h vv zf:vuu9twof heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of hea1 z vvihuv:f09r (tuw-t to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in ent+l( 4 c7:bgo3ndsknsgy :eg)k-z+iwy jq 0p8 tropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in emsm7q)0 kh * )fr0te1xy*gnvyx. il +kntropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas ..r4 1;55 osrx cfi8vffbjlxmat STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changfoj m5b4sfl xx.r ; .v5r8fi1ces by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at i :07vuwz,s jz$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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