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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph .*,e 4eytfc8)n8g s 2nwiq9zffw2t/ z.k lvgwis an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chan/ lcb by.ui 6f3 x3zaa.+0mrvvge in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo23/k,5ub pvh haek 6gjvvy6x .dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume wit bjuitr6h* 8vm irx,))h no change in its temperature.ijr, 8v tur)h x6m)bi* This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this w3da+7wa4tys pf;/ lnzoo*.m process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the 7 w+f;a4/oat* dnmpy3 w o.slzgas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half bl r-0pef9c84)uco taits original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressrtfl c baouc)049 p-e8ure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded/6 gbb1sa y-3jva rx2ozuu2s / isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which3a/abobxg-yju1us2z r v s/6 2 of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in )yfwrs e6m8chwmt )(1an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged n(mmyw )6 r )f8e1chwsto heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therdh/ e(+mssr x(kz3 1mnb;7tdzmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volumh /-hewpqn(x)6, hb zhe during an adiabatic process. The final )n/ (we-hhzqphb,xh6pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that oncq6ij rqt d1h4k8tpg 6 p5tb87e contains 51 68h4 gt7btqpq6rciktdpj8 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respec2he4gj1;8 wk 0cr:wu( y;( 0 zr(avj vdgggbaots except that one contains w8;20gc1 r(hjbk :g;yg vozr(j0wa4vudag( e$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagr;ypvn g rux +y- 2f)nhn(4s,seam is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, therevu ;a670r- 8ehu3ooeyr u lio; is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod *m fo-o*7dtayynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat5 u3)a)bnb3:u: x utp 8m czblun6.(3ewcepil is added to it. This proce.m3xlc)(cl5:zn6pwib3b uu n3 ebp):et u ua8 ss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a samplo)re3-sd7*tv5ok;/ ob qpxyos2rx3 ne of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resul oq sntr-5do/3or b2 ;kxeo*)7p3yvsxt, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV s m:7qlyzn)z*diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change 8pt1l c8)k6 jeefx xe(in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therm -3a* uoic3w3ckpnmw0odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy b hk q*qh9* z.g)qgjfbb+dp*/jnq87s is added to it. jn9p b+ hbf)*8*q*bskd q.gq7z/qj g h This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at consta x niyt.we6i05-h 0yaint volume. As a result, the internal energy ofweia h5.t 00-xn6 yiiy the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law ntt+ld-va. 1n3 s1u1o5 ygx wxof thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reserv.dc rrs86,gfloir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heai0zat xy) d4az m-rg vt3- qmzh;6);rvsg:jj 9t from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynedr6ax4/b,,c:t 1jvo*e94 yvpush zaamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustra(tvt -w bw0z;eted here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this cyclet-;vw(0 twez b?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the js5c)i* ft t6v;kg0aj ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine /gt/ 74u-f4-cus0u fz kqavtais to be 100%, the heat sink mu-47f qat0kgu u4cf vst/au/z-st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis*t,mnamr)x-;fgwa(g/ .cy hrts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamzkod5**b2ifs n 9up* fics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of p ve4w;u tz8np8erformance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of;e8 4v pn8uwtz

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio0yz 6)7sacbqc; ec, ck of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wb4 w7dj25hz9:hqvwe-hxg o( gater

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any proc2ls 0 fzstx4.cess that may occur within an isolated system, wlzf s2.s 4tx0chich one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law o( f-jseakf5hj l ) 9ir5by7;gqgs9ar*f thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics lmg9k0 //*vffcec5 r kneads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of hea*xlw/3s sv na+x:qf rz f-b./ffwqk*2t is removed from an ideal gas. What ifqw:l* fxa wsqs*ffnx/ r.2/-+kb3vzs the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What 8b3r2; b j/,xxugs qszisrg3xq82/x z,b;u s jsb the work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J.w ,zzkzh;i6 ,ab ca91s What is the changzashzk wc a69z, ;1ib,e in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the c)ju;uaju zm: 5t 3-ffhhange in intejaj)f uth- z5 fmu:3;urnal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. 9yj 1x 1y be+l0hxsy6m What is the119xe hsbmyy 6 0l+yjx change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the intkcm.ml rm;m)eb. aw(7ernal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is w. rm)mk;c.( mlbe m7athe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system d.2ftur qfqrrq2g/4 w- ecreases by 50 J. What is the heat excqfq u tq2g-4rr2.fw/ rhange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at crvwdr px6 ;kx i779yy1onstant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by theyri;7 kv17wr9y dxp6x gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J oh(rc bjl)n t:q) igmr09f-t)jf energy is removed from it. How many mict lj)h)j-0f9 tqmg rn(r)b :oles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wat1b 1fly q. 5hmew9l5irer at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in 3ds 4l2 ,tybr u1bomy2vy8ccz*gn:, n 0rcq 3neach cycle. What is the efficiencqvn8 m0 b4ybys3ncy, :3,2g nrc*oc l trzu21dy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiencjbk bxe,zj9+e - c9dwu1+j vh:y of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. Howjhb 9c1uze+d:kjejv9w xb ,-+ much work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives ) e wt.qyptj c2mq7 zfo an04,7z0okm-150 J of heat per cycle. How much heaqo yzeck-pw40jtt7,a7)q. n o 2f0zmmt does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat soi3gwdc;l3*9:bn 5a*7eg vui: f rum each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculatdu iob3* m;nal cev7*igr :9w3gsuf 5:e the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycl3,y mhrb78da75 padeukk m.(ae and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each c h ue,(7d pk.3ay8 a5kmarmb7dycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficie7kzqlm.c8c j3f3 lo +cnt engines built so far has the following characteristics: comok l.fql7m+ czj3c3 c8bustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chxhfzs+k2i- efh,5 /fb aracteristics: combustion chambi h-fsbx 5ze2f /hk+,fer temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far u*2w:snjnkdfm 49z0 .m+wku r has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatu m9swd2z*4:nk0 wufj k.rmun+re = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elecuo6-b+ qu1yb(iqu lw* px4zdj 9xrf.xq;z 2o 2tric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 60) 8csixy yi o 7yyp1k:q2;)zazi75bfs0 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant used 6zq2ql pwa5b *va+daou )mht. b7e.,s $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engr:wu22s)mbg,+m eamd (a6kweine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for aqw3-xvv 82fq lv//vn dn engine operating between 2 vv/q3f8w/l x qv-dnv$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What islx(s 5 h2h+z.pqazj 6b the temperature of the cold reservoir if the lb .+hjzpq hs6(2a xz5temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatu(+h6;afkvr)ba l a/wing between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the frez-wqg,i 34 z vd)x :) 0mh:kmepdolr+sezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per o)k4q+hd)ri0p,me zx sz:lvw:-3gdm cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rar,,ux vj95-ig*p/s oqs7hromte of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a/-osr5pxr,sq, vh* gu o7j9mi room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operatio3w;;a gtz,1*eei * 5qb qm 0w7nvjys dhptzi2:n, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work zsmhe nii;ejpyg t;*0abw :*5td, 7 qw31q2zv input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy whenos+ou8x2f rkc y*z m.4 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice frh5ry .pqw74hy eezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at Sjaxd (dr8m7j(g:. 5zahes c5cTP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy ca5a7.dxerj dc( :m jhc(sz85ghanges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at n/(67 21mrf tkriuxs 5 kx;xlw$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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