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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V woepaueinf-dy vh(+ :717t 6ugraph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is a 13j k;rc5shbno change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyn fbo-1d0cs81 w+)i za-lsbpwiwrq 1ndz- 3u j4amics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its originalkcv n vv;(dw8t6k5qc) volume with no change in its temperature. This process c k()cv8vw6 ;dkq5nvtis

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During th4:b5qe h l2mjgis process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this g eg2m5j4lb:hq as?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its orim *1nko0s7 c.m 1rbxmqginal volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure 0kxmbr7 1smmoc.*n1qof the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L.lh n8hg ,(yi q3q*66xbuzhda; During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mec lbzyignx,3 q(a;qu866*hhd h hanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressedm2qe n7t9a+lctvtl3 , in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat c v+7t ea2l3q9ntm lt,with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamt3gcs/snx w 6g9c9y0tics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume durin2y1tjkp )3l( qa2dmypg an adiabatic process. 1p k2 qm)ay(dlj32 ptyThe final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all fnd.rvz5:w jb iy:1pwky3 6h)respects except that one contains bzj5hk ).:iy1w:36p fdr wvny$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except trbw+krw d*.:h1yye,j hat one containsbj* +.khyedyw1 :wrr, $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is angf(uf (1xktl e /w,zz i8.j/ao


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chang a7vqaj5 6g: icc3. 4kcop,uvze in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, 4u(62pu vc:ar xybmb,$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heattm,h9pu-hb tmm2e,6 p is added to it. This process ismbe,962mhp -utm, pth

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constacqg+ v)+x 6ghont pressure. As a result, the internao)++6xq hggv cl energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on u1o + vgc bg *0h(dqvx3f(laj/the PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no2u;f ib5ga4 ih wp4r/d change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodybgmcp*dg-s9j*yay c22*wuj 2 namics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to /ydsff89+s 1ji k8p;z9ijbzre 2 dr)ra rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to itpbfjz rs)/ kyse9ijzd 1d;+9fr28 ir8 . This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a samplyo: ra0a+kvf*vul): o e of ideal gas at constant volume. As lo)vfa k:oy u a*:v+0ra result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of therm4wr - 4rcjxqh,odynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservojox vxyl rxjcx+va97 35x0 :. qf6u.qwir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfe ft x92;zdx4mmwtc00w r heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clk6hlvzd (uea4: 3bk(u a kr94oausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. +:ln; m kabvw5During one cycle, how much work is done by an enginlv+w kn5mab ;:e operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is de1 7, box:hmefefined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat bl 85 joa(2kjy,* eotpy f9x0asink must oekao* 50j9b8 pf(,yatxyl 2jbe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consil(2 z 13ywcqcvs)e n:qu1 p0kwsts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the seconxpld7f2g2i8erjthq 9 1 y/9 ind law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrim zj qctr;gxxiqp:.85ug j2 0)6 6dtuzgerator is defined as the ratio oftd6guc ;q0x8:pjigx m6 z5z2j)urq.t

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio oj2c7+ko 2e3ctkmbbfx 1unp 3)f

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the bfgx-ho7 u +2nd/rml/water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynas6ed-p)nxy :u- y,vye mics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choicesu-:xey-6,pyy d e s)nv applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law o 0o (f3-gkqnhnf thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude thako1 cu(s3kf0jd2aag 7 t

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal pro c9kibv90( q2dg*vfmbts+y+valr 30ecess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What i0sc l0vy+9 a*92qbeik 3vm(vrf+dg bts the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat iz*cx 1xxd6he: 9pacm -s removed from an ideal gas. What is the wor*dp9-zm6 c1:xe a xchxk done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal *we+tfx9 u , its(s2jgprocess is -400 J. What is the tx(*,i+wt u9s 2 jfsgechange in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a w 3ejzg/g z95s*kyl5/ oq9 bhogas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the gaswsogzl5/* ehy9 k go q/95jb3z?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes a 9f /h 6dijjz(/jq,h0 ll5ultln adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in intq 9/lj l5tfzud,lhl j6(0hji/ernal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases w/6dk2np7:rnf 3g km rby 50 J. What 3frdkn /m:rg 2w76knp is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of atynnx* m( zf,trp08,.m*wmj f system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchange?.t*8 z,* nnp(mymrmxj 0tff,w

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a ma5z+z(jbb lux/x 6tvyef64u4 onatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This fxvfjtzyuuz6 b4x +56(/a e b4leat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J ofs hsz fatr3v1 ..* ikbnsj8-7w energy is removed from it. How many sk1w-a7 j*h8vs.sr. f3b tnizmoles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wat ::r9 mrn/23oolep xxcer at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in eachwvc2 wvc+63 xg cycle. What is the efficicwv 3c+6w vx2gency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receivewc: xtdr6fti6 fkf +, o3l8k1os 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cyf 8 6txi,oldkr3w6fc+1ofk t: cle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 ovv-h3y,e(es J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaustvyo e,-3hsve( in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle a/)rcdrc,f* - ( wqsbyend exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate( swd fqr*)b,c-c yer/ the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 uaq7 sqs1;l0 akcal. Calculate the work d7s;ql s1u a0qaone each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the f dazsc3rzte8;l .64rdollowing characteristics: combustion chambz srlca4r. tz83 ;6deder temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charalkf 2v*0t31ymi niz9qcteristics: combustion chamber te2ntliiz3*f9 kq0 vm1ymperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follod gvz4q3127 vz1y gqldwing characteristics: combusti3z dgqzvq27 1d lg41vyon chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses m1 7vug+jcpnosk( ; tjv9 ,3hm$4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power:;(kill twveq9d2/jcb kf,n8arr-d -. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powerx3o o-+*ckndoiab54300xek; cazror . The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which optjc,9thq1qw hr lm8.1, *3zraqf0i ioerates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum the/:gjln8 bn *ntoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating between nbl :8tgnj/ *n$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carno0u fsaajqqa)*znk0 1k 0cn:p 0t engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the tempejap00qc:qun za )ns *f0k01karature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operati 7ylebcay q*f ozm)790n5 bbo+6x-qlgng between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from thjwe 4 *jomdk/0e freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How modk m40*jje/wuch work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing coma fgqq:k+;tj0 partment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of per qfk; aq:0jtg+formance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from th txzc;dv01g/ me freezer and expelg/z x1d0m tc;vs 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 5-s18d b2tcgob0 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice fh g e7e9w *(b7jvy;yxsreezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isju4luvr13fv.hp wjtx 58p0 +zothermal expansion and its entropy chanu8jzw5 0hfl1v 3tx+ppjv u4r. ges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at zis/ hns;am9 j7qe8g($80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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