Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas i 48lb:fo te sre;bqa+*n equal time” can be derived mo +;l4q* 8eebbsf rao:tst directly from which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar cdx*efxr u2.v2zp99m*d jo l foz a4/4system follow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ell or2ex 2v/z. f *9ofz94*xacd lm4djupipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of 7aoer,e/0 ix(l4nzrbgravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doer r ab l40/ex(izn7o,ubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodiesci. umj n (v.ui;pox)m3ilf(*x x8mq 1 attract each other with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the fo.*i(ixfvu oi)(n x m1mj;m 83 xuplqc.rce if the distance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, hav++x a2edk-se fawi0( de the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius of Plakdfd w+ xi 2se-(+aea0net Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the sa- e3cm9dbxiw) .r 3dfkme uniform density. Planet X has tib3d d wrx.k9cmf3-)ewice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited br83-kfl e-yg cbf22 v(tkjl/db .r6c exstt,;y a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which otj/b, dlry(extg-ec 2823r-;vltb. ff6s ck kf the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational w lywhi i a4q3*2ze)a0force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous 3e0iz* i q 4wlya)hwa2second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence 2.rpo)+wtb ju of the Sun), which one of the following bestt )o2+w jb.pur expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a caith9 0(zx fny3ts qsz.e5a0 :vrgo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force onx ieqtz 5n09sftsv0ah3.z(:y the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

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99.33: One object at the cltt 8dx2ri.- r/nv8qoc67 w3c/o nxk+)fr od surface of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following woulfd/lcx n qdkt7rr. )/-c 3ox 8vr+cto62w8inod be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, anaf-5,(mzz n pmy0bjj4um7wc-4 *fsfw d a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closestbas mm0w 4uzmf4j-75f ,(-py zfwj*nc to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth ,( rez4rx7q2baiwq-gs+fd 5l and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of thisz5sliqaegr + 74q -bf2wrxd ,( planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth th*tafd2(ep. k- kkw ;gde Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the p k2*g kep.-tddf;(wa klanet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a kj bg h05c-mdz(9sjja vv +fe4jq1f0/ constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted onb-fjzf4ad jmq10 (09vgh/v5ejksj + c the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical6d75p ry4cdd ,m-sg .oppw9mq planet orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radiups m6rgp doq.9 pc,7 5-dmdy4ws is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellitkg 96g3b ho- jrn9jc*res, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 - 36og9hn9*jkrg bjr cis T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes6fckztfo; ltks) u 6)k8:+ epb a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to th(01dc/ pct lole force a scale registerl0(p o/cltd 1cs. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptgc,d xt5oi(2 iical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun)c5og id(t x2,i to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two nc59dzj v c.:6yv4o qastars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The nazoc.d59c:j 4v6qvy stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbital rea el u/sc)+*madius R around a heavy state lm*ca/+ )seuionary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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