Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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>作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” cakvo43+ (bxf)t* vaz rxn be derived most directly from which conservation lawvbtx)a43xr *vfk z+o( ?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow ellipticsirg4 pw)qaa8g 8* y7jal orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following)8 ai p4gqy8gwj7*sra choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens 1ni.s3*c/si irn7bl3u4zo+ncvga )jy + wfs 3to the force of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubledg+s 3y)1ijzua c/rnn ls+*vcownb 3s 3i4if.7?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gravitational force of 4.g r00g(t29,ak zib) o,cejxk*kr 5 wsb0 N. What will bekxag9brkc, ,) (jkwo5zbr2*t0i 0g se the force if the distance between them is doubled?

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have th/l0fn utu s:7e4 -odahe same uniform density. Planet X has twice o 7s dhun4uae/:0f-tlthe radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same /aq p,xqn4 y+z8s*ml *eq tqa4uniform density. Planet X has tsq*/eqnpz4ta* x8 qql+y ,m4a wice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a small wp.nnkl;n*2k ch42v4 kuanr-m -6 oybsatellite by setting the gravitational force on the;vhk4-n 2 aw2k cb.mlo4n* r puknyn6- satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenng7 d-./vht1(3 zfeyg50 .agmaf azlsz with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational f z/gvef yh..z zds- 3a1al( fgma7gt50orce on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only thgjejqct403)o9; w gi0wibi l :e Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earthq9t)gje c lbjgw0;i3:i4i w0o?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo for the internat03nar vhyn/- *j zf3g0o5 jkjsional space station, whicnn3jsh gvf3a y/5 0zo 0jkr-j*h of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of theq-m,xo9rmkb , Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earthbkor,- m9,qm x. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

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00.24 Consider an objtt2 mqyd-wa;;ect that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and i2wqmyt;- ad ;tts surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven yfln8xg e 1;vgtu/siki 2dk2n 6(u,6ytimes the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acc,v yku/nigs (kd8i2;fengy62l1 x tu6 eleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a massq( 7qp*ia(*vd, nmde*hl( ml p8 52jlbcq.sle one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The grav *(n(d*csle8 qb ,l.ji27ml(aepvhp * qml 5qditational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit wit 8xqq b.:rhg*( sktu,ih a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational forceqh( 8 t*uqx.r,iks:bg exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass one o:) ,, dzqn ru-+tsvs50tcepa-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete vc,e+ sdrs5)utq0,:zonta-pone orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at twk9ff/v y )6qdhe same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2 ff q)k/dwvy69?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular or*i4x u:c(:b2t jowoc cbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the force a6 ev-t(,uy gslqbt 61z scale registeru, t-6b(lg6yt se qzv1s. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet movesmqvu1( 8mksf7t+-g :bjt 0uve e3c0 qz from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is0qcs + (3mq1ue8ue tjmvg 7zft 0bk:v- true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star systembi (0y* tiss wep-.-km shown, the two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbitalyp -wm tibssk.(-0 *ie period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit*hu5 1)mpieiz:tacx7;jndi wx0k9 i 3 with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and td3i :ui 1znxmpi*ti5 x0;ehw7k )ja9che rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is