What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the same populati-(it-p imr0ly pd)6w ron of celw )yi-dl pr(m p-06irtls?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the hkmn p5y6u+-fbxw(3awd n96w0 /u gqv formation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontatesit)o-ex34ey,h44krxoc1ln;ds z 6 5 kp2 aneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly wg o reo,uhge-/b/9a7) hssknhf *6i3 used in absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons that RNA 1/s pgap *y;mkis believed to be the firstm1p/* psyg;ka genetic material?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus usedh(sgabbkli r:nn l7xc6gm;46 ;(smg 3 in the experiments conducted by Miller gn (73s;lskgclim6g4b mna(rx ;6bh:and Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, hnds)bw+o0ak,9 i ac2vitalism was a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, cou,oisbd 02 + caka9h)nwld only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the l p2p6fk fejk7x4/;g+t mj m(d c+a:ubaast universal common ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at j 42t6 +ukf:cafa;/ bp+p(xd 7mekjgmhydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment tx(s+8fneskn)nx3c zi. 1+ gano Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generatix cnf ni.1n +s(es+ xzg3)8kanon, using the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiq:yskimn ztz)7f) 0*lments disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by placing b:l7 zs*k qnfmzty0))i roth into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It 5kmd; y(9n 2qhh*fmdvis a living cell whicq hhd9mv*nk;2 m fy5d(h can carry out all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.